Part A: Fluid Friction in a Smooth Bore Pipe (Major Losses)
Objective
To determine the relationship between head loss due to fluid friction and velocity for flow of water
through smooth bore pipes and to confirm the head loss predicted by a pipe friction equation.
Method
Obtain a series of reading of head loss at different flow rates through a smooth bore test pipe and
compare the measured values to theoretically calculated values.
Theory
Professor Osborne Reynolds demonstrated that two types of flow may exist in a pipe
1- Laminar flow at low velocities where h  u; Re < 2300
2- Turbulent flow at higher velocities where h α un
; Re > 2300
Where h is the head loss due to friction and u is the fluid velocity. These two types of flow are separated
by a transition phase, within which there is no definite relationship. The expected graphs of h vs u and
log(h) vs log(u) are shown below with the observed relationships in each zone.

DETAILED ASSIGNMENT

Sample-2