BIOL 2227. Fall 2020

1. Define the role of ATP in muscle contraction
2. Define a sarcomere
3. Describe a motor unit
4. Define tetanus
5. Define muscle tone
6. Describe a length/tension curve both for an individual sarcomere and a complete
muscle group
7. Describe flow and pressure in blood circulation
8. Describe the flow of blood through the heart including the valves
9. Describe the electrical activation of the heart
10. What determines heart rate in a NORMAL human
11. Describe the ionic changes to produce a contraction
12. What is meant by a ‘pacemaker’ in the heart

BIOL 2227. Fall 2020

13. What happens to left ventricular volume during the QRS interval
14. Define systolic and diastolic pressure
15. What is the largest, flightless bird in South America?
16. What is the difference between a graded potential and an action potential
17. If we don’t allow sodium channels to open post-synaptically, what happens to the
post-synaptic neuron
18. If we don’t allow potassium channels to open post-synaptically, what happens to the
post-synaptic neuron
19. Define depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization
20. What is the difference between a chemical and electrical synapse?

BIOL 2227. Fall 2020

21. Define a ‘reflex’ arc
22. Define white matter, gray matter in the SC
23. Why is the human brain all wrinkly
24. Define the lobes the lobes of the brain
25. Identify the basic role of the ‘12’ cranial nerves as your textbook identifies them