Prior to answering the following questions read these three chapters in your “Physical Geology, 2^nd ed.” online textbook:  Chapter 16 (Glaciation), Chapter 17 (Shorelines), and Chapter 19 (Climate Change).  You are also expected to use outside sources from my course Webliography (Content tab), and Internet research.  Answer the following questions in APA-style paragraph form and use proper APA citations.  NOTE: Graphics (e.g., graphs, photos, images, etc.) should be used to support your answers, and make sure you cite the source below the graphic. 

1) Visit the website for the National Snow and Ice Data Center and then answer the following questions: a) What is the “cryosphere”?  What is the origin of “cryos”? Where is most of the “cryosphere” concentrated?  Define and differentiate the following cryosphere components and give a geologic location example of each.

• snow
• glacial ice
• alpine glaciers (valley or mountain glaciers)
• continental ice sheets (ice caps)
• icebergs 
• polar sea ice
• permafrost

2) How do glaciers form and move?  At present, what is the status of most of the world’s glaciers (advancing, retreating, or stable)?  Explain why?  Name and describe a specific glacier as an example.

3) Why are glaciers the best source for evidence of climate change?  What are the two most important research tools that scientists use to monitor and measure glacial ice changes, for both the past and present climate change?

4) Define and describe the following glacial geological features.  Give a geologic location example of each.

• arête
• horn
• cirque
• U-shaped valley (glacial trough)
• fjord
• moraine

5) Discuss the topic of “shoreline and coastal geology”.  What are the major geologic forces that form coastlines?  Name and describe two (2) coastal geological features; one erosional and one depositional, and how they formed.

6) What are the major natural causes of global climate change?  What are the major human causes of global climate change?  Show the latter relationship with a graph (sketch or upload from research sources).

7) What are two (2) major causes of global sea level change?  What are the hazards and consequences of rising global sea level? 

8)  Why are scientists concerned about the loss of polar sea ice?  What is the connection between polar sea ice loss and “albedo”?  Explain.  Is polar sea ice loss related to global sea level change?  Explain. 

Prior to answering the following questions read these three chapters in your “Physical Geology, 2^nd ed.” online textbook:  Chapter 16 (Glaciation), Chapter 17 (Shorelines), and Chapter 19 (Climate Change).  You are also expected to use outside sources from my course Webliography (Content tab), and Internet research.  Answer the following questions in APA-style paragraph form and use proper APA citations.  NOTE: Graphics (e.g., graphs, photos, images, etc.) should be used to support your answers, and make sure you cite the source below the graphic. 

1) Visit the website for the National Snow and Ice Data Center and then answer the following questions: a) What is the “cryosphere”?  What is the origin of “cryos”? Where is most of the “cryosphere” concentrated?  Define and differentiate the following cryosphere components and give a geologic location example of each.

• snow
• glacial ice
• alpine glaciers (valley or mountain glaciers)
• continental ice sheets (ice caps)
• icebergs 
• polar sea ice
• permafrost

2) How do glaciers form and move?  At present, what is the status of most of the world’s glaciers (advancing, retreating, or stable)?  Explain why?  Name and describe a specific glacier as an example.

3) Why are glaciers the best source for evidence of climate change?  What are the two most important research tools that scientists use to monitor and measure glacial ice changes, for both the past and present climate change?

4) Define and describe the following glacial geological features.  Give a geologic location example of each.

• arête
• horn
• cirque
• U-shaped valley (glacial trough)
• fjord
• moraine

5) Discuss the topic of “shoreline and coastal geology”.  What are the major geologic forces that form coastlines?  Name and describe two (2) coastal geological features; one erosional and one depositional, and how they formed.

6) What are the major natural causes of global climate change?  What are the major human causes of global climate change?  Show the latter relationship with a graph (sketch or upload from research sources).

7) What are two (2) major causes of global sea level change?  What are the hazards and consequences of rising global sea level? 

8)  Why are scientists concerned about the loss of polar sea ice?  What is the connection between polar sea ice loss and “albedo”?  Explain.  Is polar sea ice loss related to global sea level change?  Explain. 

Prior to answering the following questions read these three chapters in your “Physical Geology, 2^nd ed.” online textbook:  Chapter 16 (Glaciation), Chapter 17 (Shorelines), and Chapter 19 (Climate Change).  You are also expected to use outside sources from my course Webliography (Content tab), and Internet research.  Answer the following questions in APA-style paragraph form and use proper APA citations.  NOTE: Graphics (e.g., graphs, photos, images, etc.) should be used to support your answers, and make sure you cite the source below the graphic. 

1) Visit the website for the National Snow and Ice Data Center and then answer the following questions: a) What is the “cryosphere”?  What is the origin of “cryos”? Where is most of the “cryosphere” concentrated?  Define and differentiate the following cryosphere components and give a geologic location example of each.

• snow
• glacial ice
• alpine glaciers (valley or mountain glaciers)
• continental ice sheets (ice caps)
• icebergs 
• polar sea ice
• permafrost

2) How do glaciers form and move?  At present, what is the status of most of the world’s glaciers (advancing, retreating, or stable)?  Explain why?  Name and describe a specific glacier as an example.

3) Why are glaciers the best source for evidence of climate change?  What are the two most important research tools that scientists use to monitor and measure glacial ice changes, for both the past and present climate change?

4) Define and describe the following glacial geological features.  Give a geologic location example of each.

• arête
• horn
• cirque
• U-shaped valley (glacial trough)
• fjord
• moraine

5) Discuss the topic of “shoreline and coastal geology”.  What are the major geologic forces that form coastlines?  Name and describe two (2) coastal geological features; one erosional and one depositional, and how they formed.

6) What are the major natural causes of global climate change?  What are the major human causes of global climate change?  Show the latter relationship with a graph (sketch or upload from research sources).

7) What are two (2) major causes of global sea level change?  What are the hazards and consequences of rising global sea level? 

8)  Why are scientists concerned about the loss of polar sea ice?  What is the connection between polar sea ice loss and “albedo”?  Explain.  Is polar sea ice loss related to global sea level change?  Explain. 

Prior to answering the following questions read these three chapters in your “Physical Geology, 2^nd ed.” online textbook:  Chapter 16 (Glaciation), Chapter 17 (Shorelines), and Chapter 19 (Climate Change).  You are also expected to use outside sources from my course Webliography (Content tab), and Internet research.  Answer the following questions in APA-style paragraph form and use proper APA citations.  NOTE: Graphics (e.g., graphs, photos, images, etc.) should be used to support your answers, and make sure you cite the source below the graphic. 

1) Visit the website for the National Snow and Ice Data Center and then answer the following questions: a) What is the “cryosphere”?  What is the origin of “cryos”? Where is most of the “cryosphere” concentrated?  Define and differentiate the following cryosphere components and give a geologic location example of each.

• snow
• glacial ice
• alpine glaciers (valley or mountain glaciers)
• continental ice sheets (ice caps)
• icebergs 
• polar sea ice
• permafrost

2) How do glaciers form and move?  At present, what is the status of most of the world’s glaciers (advancing, retreating, or stable)?  Explain why?  Name and describe a specific glacier as an example.

3) Why are glaciers the best source for evidence of climate change?  What are the two most important research tools that scientists use to monitor and measure glacial ice changes, for both the past and present climate change?

4) Define and describe the following glacial geological features.  Give a geologic location example of each.

• arête
• horn
• cirque
• U-shaped valley (glacial trough)
• fjord
• moraine

5) Discuss the topic of “shoreline and coastal geology”.  What are the major geologic forces that form coastlines?  Name and describe two (2) coastal geological features; one erosional and one depositional, and how they formed.

6) What are the major natural causes of global climate change?  What are the major human causes of global climate change?  Show the latter relationship with a graph (sketch or upload from research sources).

7) What are two (2) major causes of global sea level change?  What are the hazards and consequences of rising global sea level? 

8)  Why are scientists concerned about the loss of polar sea ice?  What is the connection between polar sea ice loss and “albedo”?  Explain.  Is polar sea ice loss related to global sea level change?  Explain. 

Prior to answering the following questions read these three chapters in your “Physical Geology, 2^nd ed.” online textbook:  Chapter 16 (Glaciation), Chapter 17 (Shorelines), and Chapter 19 (Climate Change).  You are also expected to use outside sources from my course Webliography (Content tab), and Internet research.  Answer the following questions in APA-style paragraph form and use proper APA citations.  NOTE: Graphics (e.g., graphs, photos, images, etc.) should be used to support your answers, and make sure you cite the source below the graphic. 

1) Visit the website for the National Snow and Ice Data Center and then answer the following questions: a) What is the “cryosphere”?  What is the origin of “cryos”? Where is most of the “cryosphere” concentrated?  Define and differentiate the following cryosphere components and give a geologic location example of each.

• snow
• glacial ice
• alpine glaciers (valley or mountain glaciers)
• continental ice sheets (ice caps)
• icebergs 
• polar sea ice
• permafrost

2) How do glaciers form and move?  At present, what is the status of most of the world’s glaciers (advancing, retreating, or stable)?  Explain why?  Name and describe a specific glacier as an example.

3) Why are glaciers the best source for evidence of climate change?  What are the two most important research tools that scientists use to monitor and measure glacial ice changes, for both the past and present climate change?

4) Define and describe the following glacial geological features.  Give a geologic location example of each.

• arête
• horn
• cirque
• U-shaped valley (glacial trough)
• fjord
• moraine

5) Discuss the topic of “shoreline and coastal geology”.  What are the major geologic forces that form coastlines?  Name and describe two (2) coastal geological features; one erosional and one depositional, and how they formed.

6) What are the major natural causes of global climate change?  What are the major human causes of global climate change?  Show the latter relationship with a graph (sketch or upload from research sources).

7) What are two (2) major causes of global sea level change?  What are the hazards and consequences of rising global sea level? 

8)  Why are scientists concerned about the loss of polar sea ice?  What is the connection between polar sea ice loss and “albedo”?  Explain.  Is polar sea ice loss related to global sea level change?  Explain.